{"id":2804,"date":"2020-11-14T02:01:50","date_gmt":"2020-11-14T02:01:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/etnograficas.com\/?p=2804"},"modified":"2021-01-15T16:53:48","modified_gmt":"2021-01-15T16:53:48","slug":"margarita","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/etnograficas.com\/?p=2804","title":{"rendered":"Margarita Chapalala Vera"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u201cMargarita Chapalala Vera\u201d la \u00faltima Tehuelche de la zona norte en Santa Cruz<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Margarita Chapalala Vera fue la \u00faltima descendiente directa de la comunidad Tehuelche del norte de la provincia de Santa Cruz. \u00a0En esta fotograf\u00eda la vemos en una tolder\u00eda en Reserva Laguna Sirven sin datos sobre su fecha.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"980\" height=\"680\" src=\"https:\/\/etnograficas.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Etnograficas-Las-Heras-Margarita-culturas-indigenas-de-la-patagonia.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2881\" srcset=\"https:\/\/etnograficas.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Etnograficas-Las-Heras-Margarita-culturas-indigenas-de-la-patagonia.jpg 980w, https:\/\/etnograficas.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Etnograficas-Las-Heras-Margarita-culturas-indigenas-de-la-patagonia-300x208.jpg 300w, https:\/\/etnograficas.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Etnograficas-Las-Heras-Margarita-culturas-indigenas-de-la-patagonia-768x533.jpg 768w, https:\/\/etnograficas.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Etnograficas-Las-Heras-Margarita-culturas-indigenas-de-la-patagonia-600x416.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 980px) 100vw, 980px\" \/><figcaption>Margarita Chapalala Vera en Laguna Sirven &#8211; Cr\u00e9ditos Lorenzo Echeverr\u00eda <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La localidad de Las Heras tiene una historia de presencia de comunidades ind\u00edgenas que con el correr del tiempo se fueron asentando en el espacio urbano y social. En \u00e1reas cercanas se ubicaban la Reservas Ind\u00edgenas, por un lado, seis establecimientos de la comunidad Mapuche: Laguna Sirven, Bella Vista, Villa Picardo, El Escondido, El Arbolito y el Fangal donde su Cacique era Jos\u00e9 Ricardo Limonao; y dos comunidades pertenecientes a la cultura Tehuelche, d\u00f3nde su Cacique era Alejandro Paisman Vera y sus establecimientos se conocen como San Rub\u00e9n y Chapalala Vera.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Existen vestigios patrimoniales que dan cuenta de una fuerte presencia ind\u00edgena en su conformaci\u00f3n hist\u00f3rica. Los Tehuelches que eran n\u00f3mades y cazadores recolectores. Por su lado los Araucanos practicaban la agricultura. Ambas culturas se vieron arrinconadas y obligadas a modificar sus pautas culturales. En primer lugar, arrinconados hacia la pre cordillera por las \u201cCampa\u00f1as del Desierto\u201d desde 1870 y a su vez hacia el borde costero desde las m\u00e1rgenes del R\u00edo Deseado debido a la expansi\u00f3n de los latifundistas patag\u00f3nicos. Fue as\u00ed, que las culturas ind\u00edgenas en el territorio fueron restringidas en su radio de movimiento hasta que el Estado cre\u00f3 finalmente las \u201cReservas Ind\u00edgenas\u201d en 1927 y 1943.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery columns-1 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\"><ul class=\"blocks-gallery-grid\"><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"440\" height=\"580\" src=\"https:\/\/etnograficas.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Etnograficas-Las-Heras-Margarita-Chapalala-Vera.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"2993\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/etnograficas.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Etnograficas-Las-Heras-Margarita-Chapalala-Vera.jpg\" data-link=\"https:\/\/etnograficas.com\/?attachment_id=2993\" class=\"wp-image-2993\" srcset=\"https:\/\/etnograficas.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Etnograficas-Las-Heras-Margarita-Chapalala-Vera.jpg 440w, https:\/\/etnograficas.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Etnograficas-Las-Heras-Margarita-Chapalala-Vera-228x300.jpg 228w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 440px) 100vw, 440px\" \/><\/figure><\/li><\/ul><figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-caption\">Margarita Chapalala Vera &#8211; Cr\u00e9ditos: Lorenzo Echeverria<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Esto produjo que gradualmente se fuera restringiendo su presencia limit\u00e1ndolos cada vez m\u00e1s cuando los inmigrantes europeos y los provenientes de otras regiones del pa\u00eds comenzaban a ocupar las tierras adyacentes a las \u201cReservas\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Las \u201cReservas\u201d tal como perduran hoy, son producto de la historia de una serie de antecedentes legales, que, si bien fueron abandonados por parte del Estado, se han identificado a familias descendientes de Mapuches y Tehuelches. Abarcaban una zona con una superficie de 36.750 Ha. y contaban hasta el a\u00f1o 2005 con 41 habitantes pudi\u00e9ndose relevar que hacia 2015 pr\u00e1cticamente no quedaban habitantes de manera permanente en la zona.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>\u201c&#8230;El indio nunca muere, porque el indio est\u00e1 de pi\u00e9, porque su cultura de mantiene intacta a pesar de todo&#8230; su cultura trasciende las fronteras\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Esta frase fue extra\u00edda de un material audiovisual in\u00e9dito. La misma fue pronunciada por un orador durante la Asunci\u00f3n de los Caciques Alejandro Paisman Vera (Comunidad Aonikenk) y Ricardo Limonao (Comunidad Mapuche). Julio 1995.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Fuente: Relevamiento Trabajo de Campo &#8211; PI 29\/B055 UNPA-UACO <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Fotograf\u00edas: Lorenzo Echeverr\u00eda &#8211; Las Heras &#8211; A\u00f1o 2004<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u201cMargarita Chapalala Vera\u201d la \u00faltima Tehuelche de la zona norte en Santa Cruz. Margarita Chapalala Vera fue la \u00faltima descendiente directa de la comunidad Tehuelche del norte de la provincia de Santa Cruz. \u00a0En esta fotograf\u00eda la vemos en una tolder\u00eda en Reserva Laguna Sirven sin datos sobre su fecha. La localidad de Las Heras [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":2627,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[191],"tags":[197,196,198],"class_list":["post-2804","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-senderos-de-la-memoria","tag-comunidades-indigenas","tag-etnograficas-patagonicas","tag-margarita"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Margarita Chapalala Vera - Etnogr\u00e1ficas<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/etnograficas.com\/?p=2804\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Margarita Chapalala Vera - Etnogr\u00e1ficas\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u201cMargarita Chapalala Vera\u201d la \u00faltima Tehuelche de la zona norte en Santa Cruz. 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